近日,来自瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院的研究人员在国际学术期刊cell metabolism在线发表了一项最新研究进展,他们利用接受过骨髓和外周血干细胞移植的病人证明了骨髓中可以储存脂肪前体细胞,并且这些细胞对于促进脂肪生成具有重要贡献。
人类白色脂肪细胞在整个成年期都存在细胞的更新换代,因此前体细胞的持续性供应对于维持脂肪生成至关重要。骨髓来源的前体细胞可能对于哺乳动物脂肪生成过程具有一定贡献,但一直以来,动物模型上的研究结果都存在争议。
在这项研究中,研究人员共招募了65名接受过异源基因骨髓(BM)或外周血干细胞(PBSC)移植的病人,并通过研究分析证明在整个生命过程中,BM/PBSC来源的前体细胞为病人皮下脂肪细胞群体贡献了大约10%的脂肪细胞。虽然这一结果不依赖于性别,年龄以及不同的移植相关参数,但接受骨髓移植的病人其身体脂肪含量波动较大,在肥胖个体中,供体来源的细胞最多可以为皮下脂肪组织提供2.5倍的贡献。
研究人员还对单个脂肪细胞进行了外显子和全基因组测序,结果发现BM/PBSC来源的前体细胞在分化和细胞融合两个方面促进了脂肪组织的形成。
总的来说,这项研究至少在移植背景下证明了骨髓中可以储存脂肪前体细胞,并且这一现象在肥胖个体中更加明显。这对于研究脂肪组织前体细胞来源和分化命运与肥胖发生之间的关系具有重要提示。
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2015.06.011
Transplanted Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Contribute to Human Adipogenesis
Mikael Rydén7correspondenceemail, Mehmet Uzunel, Joanna L. Hard, Erik Borgstrom, Jeff E. Mold, Erik Arner, Niklas Mejhert, Daniel P. Andersson, Yvonne Widlund, Moustapha Hassan, Christina V. Jones, Kirsty L. Spalding, Britt-Marie Svahn, Afshin Ahmadian, Jonas Frisén, Samuel Bernard, Jonas Mattsson, Peter Arner
Because human white adipocytes display a high turnover throughout adulthood, a continuous supply of precursor cells is required to maintain adipogenesis. Bone marrow (BM)-derived progenitor cells may contribute to mammalian adipogenesis; however, results in animal models are conflicting. Here we demonstrate in 65 subjects who underwent allogeneic BM or peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation that, over the entire lifespan, BM/PBSC-derived progenitor cells contribute ?10% to the subcutaneous adipocyte population. While this is independent of gender, age, and different transplantation-related parameters, body fat mass exerts a strong influence, with up to 2.5-fold increased donor cell contribution in obese individuals. Exome and whole-genome sequencing of single adipocytes suggests that BM/PBSC-derived progenitors contribute to adipose tissue via both differentiation and cell fusion. Thus, at least in the setting of transplantation, BM serves as a reservoir for adipocyte progenitors, particularly in obese subjects.